mirror of
https://github.com/sweetwisdom/everything-claude-code-zh.git
synced 2026-03-22 06:20:10 +00:00
Initial release: Complete Claude Code configuration collection
Battle-tested configs from 10+ months of daily Claude Code usage. Won Anthropic x Forum Ventures hackathon building zenith.chat. Includes: - 9 specialized agents (planner, architect, tdd-guide, code-reviewer, etc.) - 9 slash commands (tdd, plan, e2e, code-review, etc.) - 8 rule files (security, coding-style, testing, git-workflow, etc.) - 7 skills (coding-standards, backend-patterns, frontend-patterns, etc.) - Hooks configuration (PreToolUse, PostToolUse, Stop) - MCP server configurations (15 servers) - Plugin/marketplace documentation - Example configs (project CLAUDE.md, user CLAUDE.md, statusline) Read the full guide: https://x.com/affaanmustafa/status/2012378465664745795
This commit is contained in:
Affaan Mustafa
582
skills/backend-patterns.md
Normal file
582
skills/backend-patterns.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,582 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
name: backend-patterns
|
||||
description: Backend architecture patterns, API design, database optimization, and server-side best practices for Node.js, Express, and Next.js API routes.
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# Backend Development Patterns
|
||||
|
||||
Backend architecture patterns and best practices for scalable server-side applications.
|
||||
|
||||
## API Design Patterns
|
||||
|
||||
### RESTful API Structure
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
// ✅ Resource-based URLs
|
||||
GET /api/markets # List resources
|
||||
GET /api/markets/:id # Get single resource
|
||||
POST /api/markets # Create resource
|
||||
PUT /api/markets/:id # Replace resource
|
||||
PATCH /api/markets/:id # Update resource
|
||||
DELETE /api/markets/:id # Delete resource
|
||||
|
||||
// ✅ Query parameters for filtering, sorting, pagination
|
||||
GET /api/markets?status=active&sort=volume&limit=20&offset=0
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Repository Pattern
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
// Abstract data access logic
|
||||
interface MarketRepository {
|
||||
findAll(filters?: MarketFilters): Promise<Market[]>
|
||||
findById(id: string): Promise<Market | null>
|
||||
create(data: CreateMarketDto): Promise<Market>
|
||||
update(id: string, data: UpdateMarketDto): Promise<Market>
|
||||
delete(id: string): Promise<void>
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
class SupabaseMarketRepository implements MarketRepository {
|
||||
async findAll(filters?: MarketFilters): Promise<Market[]> {
|
||||
let query = supabase.from('markets').select('*')
|
||||
|
||||
if (filters?.status) {
|
||||
query = query.eq('status', filters.status)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (filters?.limit) {
|
||||
query = query.limit(filters.limit)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
const { data, error } = await query
|
||||
|
||||
if (error) throw new Error(error.message)
|
||||
return data
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Other methods...
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Service Layer Pattern
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
// Business logic separated from data access
|
||||
class MarketService {
|
||||
constructor(private marketRepo: MarketRepository) {}
|
||||
|
||||
async searchMarkets(query: string, limit: number = 10): Promise<Market[]> {
|
||||
// Business logic
|
||||
const embedding = await generateEmbedding(query)
|
||||
const results = await this.vectorSearch(embedding, limit)
|
||||
|
||||
// Fetch full data
|
||||
const markets = await this.marketRepo.findByIds(results.map(r => r.id))
|
||||
|
||||
// Sort by similarity
|
||||
return markets.sort((a, b) => {
|
||||
const scoreA = results.find(r => r.id === a.id)?.score || 0
|
||||
const scoreB = results.find(r => r.id === b.id)?.score || 0
|
||||
return scoreA - scoreB
|
||||
})
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private async vectorSearch(embedding: number[], limit: number) {
|
||||
// Vector search implementation
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Middleware Pattern
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
// Request/response processing pipeline
|
||||
export function withAuth(handler: NextApiHandler): NextApiHandler {
|
||||
return async (req, res) => {
|
||||
const token = req.headers.authorization?.replace('Bearer ', '')
|
||||
|
||||
if (!token) {
|
||||
return res.status(401).json({ error: 'Unauthorized' })
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
try {
|
||||
const user = await verifyToken(token)
|
||||
req.user = user
|
||||
return handler(req, res)
|
||||
} catch (error) {
|
||||
return res.status(401).json({ error: 'Invalid token' })
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Usage
|
||||
export default withAuth(async (req, res) => {
|
||||
// Handler has access to req.user
|
||||
})
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Database Patterns
|
||||
|
||||
### Query Optimization
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
// ✅ GOOD: Select only needed columns
|
||||
const { data } = await supabase
|
||||
.from('markets')
|
||||
.select('id, name, status, volume')
|
||||
.eq('status', 'active')
|
||||
.order('volume', { ascending: false })
|
||||
.limit(10)
|
||||
|
||||
// ❌ BAD: Select everything
|
||||
const { data } = await supabase
|
||||
.from('markets')
|
||||
.select('*')
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### N+1 Query Prevention
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
// ❌ BAD: N+1 query problem
|
||||
const markets = await getMarkets()
|
||||
for (const market of markets) {
|
||||
market.creator = await getUser(market.creator_id) // N queries
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ✅ GOOD: Batch fetch
|
||||
const markets = await getMarkets()
|
||||
const creatorIds = markets.map(m => m.creator_id)
|
||||
const creators = await getUsers(creatorIds) // 1 query
|
||||
const creatorMap = new Map(creators.map(c => [c.id, c]))
|
||||
|
||||
markets.forEach(market => {
|
||||
market.creator = creatorMap.get(market.creator_id)
|
||||
})
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Transaction Pattern
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
async function createMarketWithPosition(
|
||||
marketData: CreateMarketDto,
|
||||
positionData: CreatePositionDto
|
||||
) {
|
||||
// Use Supabase transaction
|
||||
const { data, error } = await supabase.rpc('create_market_with_position', {
|
||||
market_data: marketData,
|
||||
position_data: positionData
|
||||
})
|
||||
|
||||
if (error) throw new Error('Transaction failed')
|
||||
return data
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// SQL function in Supabase
|
||||
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION create_market_with_position(
|
||||
market_data jsonb,
|
||||
position_data jsonb
|
||||
)
|
||||
RETURNS jsonb
|
||||
LANGUAGE plpgsql
|
||||
AS $$
|
||||
BEGIN
|
||||
-- Start transaction automatically
|
||||
INSERT INTO markets VALUES (market_data);
|
||||
INSERT INTO positions VALUES (position_data);
|
||||
RETURN jsonb_build_object('success', true);
|
||||
EXCEPTION
|
||||
WHEN OTHERS THEN
|
||||
-- Rollback happens automatically
|
||||
RETURN jsonb_build_object('success', false, 'error', SQLERRM);
|
||||
END;
|
||||
$$;
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Caching Strategies
|
||||
|
||||
### Redis Caching Layer
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
class CachedMarketRepository implements MarketRepository {
|
||||
constructor(
|
||||
private baseRepo: MarketRepository,
|
||||
private redis: RedisClient
|
||||
) {}
|
||||
|
||||
async findById(id: string): Promise<Market | null> {
|
||||
// Check cache first
|
||||
const cached = await this.redis.get(`market:${id}`)
|
||||
|
||||
if (cached) {
|
||||
return JSON.parse(cached)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Cache miss - fetch from database
|
||||
const market = await this.baseRepo.findById(id)
|
||||
|
||||
if (market) {
|
||||
// Cache for 5 minutes
|
||||
await this.redis.setex(`market:${id}`, 300, JSON.stringify(market))
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return market
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
async invalidateCache(id: string): Promise<void> {
|
||||
await this.redis.del(`market:${id}`)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Cache-Aside Pattern
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
async function getMarketWithCache(id: string): Promise<Market> {
|
||||
const cacheKey = `market:${id}`
|
||||
|
||||
// Try cache
|
||||
const cached = await redis.get(cacheKey)
|
||||
if (cached) return JSON.parse(cached)
|
||||
|
||||
// Cache miss - fetch from DB
|
||||
const market = await db.markets.findUnique({ where: { id } })
|
||||
|
||||
if (!market) throw new Error('Market not found')
|
||||
|
||||
// Update cache
|
||||
await redis.setex(cacheKey, 300, JSON.stringify(market))
|
||||
|
||||
return market
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Error Handling Patterns
|
||||
|
||||
### Centralized Error Handler
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
class ApiError extends Error {
|
||||
constructor(
|
||||
public statusCode: number,
|
||||
public message: string,
|
||||
public isOperational = true
|
||||
) {
|
||||
super(message)
|
||||
Object.setPrototypeOf(this, ApiError.prototype)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
export function errorHandler(error: unknown, req: Request): Response {
|
||||
if (error instanceof ApiError) {
|
||||
return NextResponse.json({
|
||||
success: false,
|
||||
error: error.message
|
||||
}, { status: error.statusCode })
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (error instanceof z.ZodError) {
|
||||
return NextResponse.json({
|
||||
success: false,
|
||||
error: 'Validation failed',
|
||||
details: error.errors
|
||||
}, { status: 400 })
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Log unexpected errors
|
||||
console.error('Unexpected error:', error)
|
||||
|
||||
return NextResponse.json({
|
||||
success: false,
|
||||
error: 'Internal server error'
|
||||
}, { status: 500 })
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Usage
|
||||
export async function GET(request: Request) {
|
||||
try {
|
||||
const data = await fetchData()
|
||||
return NextResponse.json({ success: true, data })
|
||||
} catch (error) {
|
||||
return errorHandler(error, request)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Retry with Exponential Backoff
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
async function fetchWithRetry<T>(
|
||||
fn: () => Promise<T>,
|
||||
maxRetries = 3
|
||||
): Promise<T> {
|
||||
let lastError: Error
|
||||
|
||||
for (let i = 0; i < maxRetries; i++) {
|
||||
try {
|
||||
return await fn()
|
||||
} catch (error) {
|
||||
lastError = error as Error
|
||||
|
||||
if (i < maxRetries - 1) {
|
||||
// Exponential backoff: 1s, 2s, 4s
|
||||
const delay = Math.pow(2, i) * 1000
|
||||
await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, delay))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
throw lastError!
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Usage
|
||||
const data = await fetchWithRetry(() => fetchFromAPI())
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Authentication & Authorization
|
||||
|
||||
### JWT Token Validation
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
import jwt from 'jsonwebtoken'
|
||||
|
||||
interface JWTPayload {
|
||||
userId: string
|
||||
email: string
|
||||
role: 'admin' | 'user'
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
export function verifyToken(token: string): JWTPayload {
|
||||
try {
|
||||
const payload = jwt.verify(token, process.env.JWT_SECRET!) as JWTPayload
|
||||
return payload
|
||||
} catch (error) {
|
||||
throw new ApiError(401, 'Invalid token')
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
export async function requireAuth(request: Request) {
|
||||
const token = request.headers.get('authorization')?.replace('Bearer ', '')
|
||||
|
||||
if (!token) {
|
||||
throw new ApiError(401, 'Missing authorization token')
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return verifyToken(token)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Usage in API route
|
||||
export async function GET(request: Request) {
|
||||
const user = await requireAuth(request)
|
||||
|
||||
const data = await getDataForUser(user.userId)
|
||||
|
||||
return NextResponse.json({ success: true, data })
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Role-Based Access Control
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
type Permission = 'read' | 'write' | 'delete' | 'admin'
|
||||
|
||||
interface User {
|
||||
id: string
|
||||
role: 'admin' | 'moderator' | 'user'
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
const rolePermissions: Record<User['role'], Permission[]> = {
|
||||
admin: ['read', 'write', 'delete', 'admin'],
|
||||
moderator: ['read', 'write', 'delete'],
|
||||
user: ['read', 'write']
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
export function hasPermission(user: User, permission: Permission): boolean {
|
||||
return rolePermissions[user.role].includes(permission)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
export function requirePermission(permission: Permission) {
|
||||
return async (request: Request) => {
|
||||
const user = await requireAuth(request)
|
||||
|
||||
if (!hasPermission(user, permission)) {
|
||||
throw new ApiError(403, 'Insufficient permissions')
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return user
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Usage
|
||||
export const DELETE = requirePermission('delete')(async (request: Request) => {
|
||||
// Handler with permission check
|
||||
})
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Rate Limiting
|
||||
|
||||
### Simple In-Memory Rate Limiter
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
class RateLimiter {
|
||||
private requests = new Map<string, number[]>()
|
||||
|
||||
async checkLimit(
|
||||
identifier: string,
|
||||
maxRequests: number,
|
||||
windowMs: number
|
||||
): Promise<boolean> {
|
||||
const now = Date.now()
|
||||
const requests = this.requests.get(identifier) || []
|
||||
|
||||
// Remove old requests outside window
|
||||
const recentRequests = requests.filter(time => now - time < windowMs)
|
||||
|
||||
if (recentRequests.length >= maxRequests) {
|
||||
return false // Rate limit exceeded
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Add current request
|
||||
recentRequests.push(now)
|
||||
this.requests.set(identifier, recentRequests)
|
||||
|
||||
return true
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
const limiter = new RateLimiter()
|
||||
|
||||
export async function GET(request: Request) {
|
||||
const ip = request.headers.get('x-forwarded-for') || 'unknown'
|
||||
|
||||
const allowed = await limiter.checkLimit(ip, 100, 60000) // 100 req/min
|
||||
|
||||
if (!allowed) {
|
||||
return NextResponse.json({
|
||||
error: 'Rate limit exceeded'
|
||||
}, { status: 429 })
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Continue with request
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Background Jobs & Queues
|
||||
|
||||
### Simple Queue Pattern
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
class JobQueue<T> {
|
||||
private queue: T[] = []
|
||||
private processing = false
|
||||
|
||||
async add(job: T): Promise<void> {
|
||||
this.queue.push(job)
|
||||
|
||||
if (!this.processing) {
|
||||
this.process()
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private async process(): Promise<void> {
|
||||
this.processing = true
|
||||
|
||||
while (this.queue.length > 0) {
|
||||
const job = this.queue.shift()!
|
||||
|
||||
try {
|
||||
await this.execute(job)
|
||||
} catch (error) {
|
||||
console.error('Job failed:', error)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
this.processing = false
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private async execute(job: T): Promise<void> {
|
||||
// Job execution logic
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Usage for indexing markets
|
||||
interface IndexJob {
|
||||
marketId: string
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
const indexQueue = new JobQueue<IndexJob>()
|
||||
|
||||
export async function POST(request: Request) {
|
||||
const { marketId } = await request.json()
|
||||
|
||||
// Add to queue instead of blocking
|
||||
await indexQueue.add({ marketId })
|
||||
|
||||
return NextResponse.json({ success: true, message: 'Job queued' })
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Logging & Monitoring
|
||||
|
||||
### Structured Logging
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
interface LogContext {
|
||||
userId?: string
|
||||
requestId?: string
|
||||
method?: string
|
||||
path?: string
|
||||
[key: string]: unknown
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
class Logger {
|
||||
log(level: 'info' | 'warn' | 'error', message: string, context?: LogContext) {
|
||||
const entry = {
|
||||
timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
|
||||
level,
|
||||
message,
|
||||
...context
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
console.log(JSON.stringify(entry))
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
info(message: string, context?: LogContext) {
|
||||
this.log('info', message, context)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
warn(message: string, context?: LogContext) {
|
||||
this.log('warn', message, context)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
error(message: string, error: Error, context?: LogContext) {
|
||||
this.log('error', message, {
|
||||
...context,
|
||||
error: error.message,
|
||||
stack: error.stack
|
||||
})
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
const logger = new Logger()
|
||||
|
||||
// Usage
|
||||
export async function GET(request: Request) {
|
||||
const requestId = crypto.randomUUID()
|
||||
|
||||
logger.info('Fetching markets', {
|
||||
requestId,
|
||||
method: 'GET',
|
||||
path: '/api/markets'
|
||||
})
|
||||
|
||||
try {
|
||||
const markets = await fetchMarkets()
|
||||
return NextResponse.json({ success: true, data: markets })
|
||||
} catch (error) {
|
||||
logger.error('Failed to fetch markets', error as Error, { requestId })
|
||||
return NextResponse.json({ error: 'Internal error' }, { status: 500 })
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Remember**: Backend patterns enable scalable, maintainable server-side applications. Choose patterns that fit your complexity level.
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user